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Amber One of the earliest gemstones of all, it is the fossilised, hardened resin of the pine tree, formed about 50 million years ago. Can have trapped insects, animals, seeds etc. Main deposits are in the Baltic.

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Amethyst is the most highly valued stone in the quartz group. The name comes from the Greek meaning “not drunken”, and Amethyst was worn as an amulet against drunkenness.

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Blue Lace Agate Agate is a form of variegated chalcedony, composed of different coloured bands, often in sharp lines of demarcation. Blue Lace Agate has particularly beautiful intricate lace patterning.

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Topaz derived its name from the Red Sea Island of Topazos and is one of the birthstones for November. Topaz is found in Brazil, Mexico, Nigeria, Sri Lanka and Zimbabwe.

Blue Topaz

Citrine The name is derived from its lemon-yellow colour. Most commercial citrines are heat-treated amethysts or smoky quartz, all heat-treated stones have a red tint. Deposits are in Brazil, Malagasy Republic, U.S.A, Spain, Russia, France and Scotland.

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Cubic Zirconia This is an artificially produced gem, which closely resembles Diamond. Its high refraction and dispersion and very similar properties make it difficult to distinguish Cubic Zirconia from Diamond.

Garnet A large family of gemstones that occur in every shade but blue. It is found in Brazil, East Africa, India and Thailand.

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A geode is a cavity in a rock which is lined with quartz crystals projecting towards its Centre.

Geodes

Iolite

A beautiful blue gemstone sometimes called "Water Sapphire" because of its resemblance to Sapphire. Found in Burma, Madagascar, Brazil, India, Sri-lanka and the USA.

Jasper is a form of chalcedony and is generally red, though yellow, green brown, grey and blue forms also occur. It is rarely uniformly coloured. There are deposits of Jasper all over the world including Scotland.

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Moss Agate is a colourless chalcedony with moss and stem like green hornblende inclusions. The best qualities come from India. Further deposits are in China and Colorado, Michigan Oregon, Utah, Washington and Wyoming in the U.S.A.

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Tiger's Eye A fibrous form of quartz, with iron producing the golden yellow colour. When it is cut the surface shows chatoyancy reminiscent of the eyes of a cat. The most important deposit is in South Africa.

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Turquoise The name means ‘Turkish Stone’, because the trade route that brought it to Europe used to come through Turkey. A pure blue colour is rare, the best coloured stones can be found in Nevada U.S.A.

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